Predictive Policing in the Belgian Police Service

Quentin Planckaert Lyuben Antonov Michiel Laleman Deny Shaboueve Cedric Uyttenhove Alexander Vermeire
Persbericht

Is er vraag naar predictive policing in België?

Ons onderzoek richt zich op de visie van de Belgische politie omtrent nieuwe, toekomstgerichte technologieën. Meer bepaald, gingen we na of er binnen de politiediensten al afdelingen waren die werkten met predictive policing en of er ruimte was voor de implementatie ervan. Ook hebben we gekeken naar buurlanden en hoe zij omgaan met predictive policing. Het viel ons op dat predictive policing in België nog niet zo bekend is. Er is lokaal nog heel weinig onderzoek gedaan naar dit onderwerp. Met dit in het achterhoofd wilden we weten of de politie in België geïnteresseerd is in predictive policing, dus formuleerden we de volgende onderzoeksvraag: "Is er interesse in voorspellende analyses bij de Belgische politiediensten, rekening houdend met de juridische, ethische en praktische aspecten?" 

We begonnen ons onderzoek met de literatuurstudie, gebaseerd op de verschillende onderdelen van onze onderzoeksvraag. Om rond het onderwerp predictive policing te kunnen werken, moesten verschillende thema's zoals de politiedienst zelf, het praktische gedeelte, het juridische en het ethische onderzocht worden. In het eerste hoofdstuk van het literatuuronderzoek bespreken we de Belgische politie. In het tweede hoofdstuk bespreken we predictive policing, gevolgd door het praktijkgedeelte in hoofdstuk drie. In hoofdstuk vier en vijf bespreken we respectievelijk het juridische en ethische deel van predictive policing.

Om ons onderzoek na de literatuurstudie bekend te maken bij het publiek, hebben we kwalitatief en kwantitatief onderzoek verricht naar de materie. Voor de respondenten die nog geen kennis hadden van het concept predictive policing, ontwikkelden we een beknopte informatieve video. Voor het kwalitatieve gedeelte hebben we contact opgenomen met 30 sleutelfiguren, waarvan we 12 interviews hebben afgenomen, waaronder een groepsinterview met 4 sleutelfiguren. Aan de hand van onze vragen, gevormd met behulp van onze literatuurstudie, konden zij ons meer informatie geven over het thema en de stand van zaken binnen hun respectievelijk politiezone of dienst. Voor het kwantitatieve luik stelden we een enquête op die werd verdeeld onder het Belgische politiepersoneel. We streefden naar 382 respondenten, maar slaagden er slechts in 73 respondenten te verzamelen.

Naar het einde van ons onderzoek toe, konden we bepaalde conclusies trekken uit de resultaten van het kwalitatief en kwantitatief onderzoek. Ten eerste kunnen we concluderen dat de technologische infrastructuur nog niet helemaal klaar is om te werken met predictive policing. Ten tweede kunnen we stellen dat het gebrek aan onderzoek en concrete positieve resultaten de politie ervan weerhoudt om dergelijke systemen te gebruiken. Veel diensten wachten liever op de resultaten over predictive policing-systemen van andere diensten of landen, alvorens zelf actie te ondernemen. De volgende bevinding is dat het rechtskader met een kleine toevoeging specifiek voor predictive policing voldoende is. Tot slot kunnen we concluderen dat de interesse voor het gebruik van predictive policing zeker aanwezig is binnen de Belgische politie. De conclusies worden uitgebreid beargumenteerd in onze paper en aangetoond aan de hand van praktijkvoorbeelden en getuigenissen van de respondenten. Na afloop van onze literatuurstudie en onderzoek ontwikkelden we een wetenschappelijke poster en een advies onder de vorm van een infographic.

"De Infographic""De Wetenschappelijke Poster"

 

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Universiteit of Hogeschool
Maatschappelijke veiligheid
Publicatiejaar
2021
Promotor(en)
Pieter-Michiel Vermaut
Kernwoorden
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